This is the part that I can do well. Arduino programming language stems from C and Java stems from C/C++. Reading the Arduino code has not been very difficult for me. I have a few Arduino and PIC programming books and even a JStamp and Javelin that I could work with if I wanted to.
Here are some links to some Arduino programming references:
http://arduino.cc/hu/Tutorial/HomePage
http://fritzing.org/projects/
http://arduino.cc/it/Reference/HomePage
As soon as I find the RAMP code I will update this post with the link and maybe even provide some sort of walkthrough of the code if I cant find one elsewhere.
http://reprap.org/wiki/Arduino_Mega_Pololu_Shield
http://forums.reprap.org/read.php?219,98875,98875
http://forums.reprap.org/read.php?13,119972,119972
http://forums.reprap.org/read.php?1,111332,111398
http://www.tylercrumpton.com/?p=41
https://github.com/timschmidt/repsnapper
https://github.com/kliment/Sprinter